Alpaca vs. Merino Wool: A Comprehensive Comparison of Two Luxurious Fibers (2023)

Comparing alpaca vs. merino wools goes much deeper than talking about the animals of origin. As it turns out, the fleece fibers are very different. Both provide insulation and warmth, but the other properties mean the two wools have very different use cases.

Alpaca vs. Merino Wool: Which Is Best?

When finding high-performance cotton alternatives, alpaca and merino wool are top contenders. Still, in comparing alpaca vs. merino wool, distinct similarities and differences are worth better understanding.

In this comprehensive comparison of these two popular types of wool, we explain the unique properties, benefits, and uses that make alpaca and merino wool unique.

Origins and Characteristics

You will find a lot to like in comparing alpaca vs. merino wool. Still, the differences begin with the native regions and continue to the very fibers. Did you know that one of these wools has a hollow core? More on that in a minute.

Alpaca Wool: Interestingly, Alpacas have two types of fleece based on their breed. The Huacaya fleece type is known for its teddy bear-type attributes, while Suri fleece is often referred to as looking like dreadlocks. Alpacas are native to the Andean region of South America, even though they can now be found worldwide.

Alpacas

Merino Wool: Just as there are two types of alpaca fleece, there are multiple types of sheep wool. Merino wool is a highly-prized wool sourced from merino sheep. Thanks to Allbirds shoes and the age of marketing, you might think that all merino wool comes from New Zealand, but this isn’t true.

Still, more than 40% of merino wool is sourced from New Zealand, and that's no insignificant amount. Merino wool is an essential export for New Zealand, and it is exceedingly popular because it is exceptionally soft, breathable, and regulates temperature well.

Merino wool is sometimes confused with cashmere, but they are different. Cashmere comes from goat hair, and believe it or not, modern merino wool is finer than cashmere.

Merino Wool is popular in fashion and outdoor gear because of its unique properties.

Warmth and Insulation:

Alpaca and merino wool will keep you warm, but one of these wools insulates better, while the other is more breathable. This is in part because of that hollow core we previously mentioned.

Alpaca Wool: While it would be easy to assume that most wools are similar, that’s not the case. Alpaca fibers have hollow cores. As a result, the trapped air serves as insulation, and the fiber weighs less than the other wools with the same diameter.

Pretty interesting. Right? We think so. This superior insulation and warmth make alpaca wool perfect for cold-weather garments and blankets.

Alpaca wool isn’t as well known as merino wool but is still very functional and fabulous.

Merino Wool: While more abundant than alpaca wool, merino wool isn’t quite as warm. It doesn’t have hollow cores, after all. This also makes merino wool more versatile and useful for all seasons.

Merino wool offers excellent insulation, but because it is breathable, it is suitable for a wide range of temperatures and conditions. This is one reason brands like Smartwool and Allbirds found so much success.

The natural properties of merino wool (lightweight, breathable, doesn’t itch, odor-resistant, tough) make it great for cold-weather gear and performance in mild summer temperatures.

Softness and Itchiness:

One reason that wool historically has a rough reputation is that some wools are coarse and itchy. And when we talk about high-performance cotton alternatives, that just won’t do.

Alpaca Wool: Compared to mainstream sheep wool, high-quality alpaca wool, with lower micron counts, is generally soft and non-itchy. However, individual sensitivities may vary, and some people may find alpaca wool slightly itchy. In comparing alpaca vs. merino wool, we find that merino wool is a little softer, but it's a close call.

Merino Wool: Merino wool is well-known for its exceptional softness, which is another big reason that brands like Smartwool and Allbirds succeeded. Compared to wool from non-Merino sheep, the fibers are much finer and less coarse.

You won’t likely mistake merino wool for cotton or synthetic blends. After all, it's still wool. Even so, we love merino wool because of its superb softness and because you can generate it naturally and sustainably. The natural and sustainable sourcing of merino wool and its abundance compared to alpaca wool make it a great cotton alternative.

Moisture Management and Breathability:

Moisture management and breathability are important factors when considering alpaca vs. merino wool for high-performance gear and other uses. This is one area where there is a clear difference between the two types of wool.

Alpaca Wool: While alpaca wool is highly absorbent, it is not as efficient at wicking moisture away from the skin as merino wool. This can make it less suitable for high-intensity activities where sweat management is crucial.

Merino Wool: Merino wool excels at moisture-wicking and breathability, making it an ideal choice for activewear and all-season garments. Merino wool for the win in this category.

Also keep in mind that virgin wool is best for performance apparel. Some people make products from repurposed wool, which is great for certain circumstances. Still, repurposed wool may be more coarse and less durable, so its something to keep in mind.

Durability and Care:

Of course, none of this matters much without durability. It’s essential to know how to take care of wool products so that they avoid pilling or other degradation.

Alpaca Wool: Alpaca fibers are strong and durable, but they can be prone to pilling. Proper care, including gentle washing and air drying, is essential to maintain their appearance and longevity.

Merino Wool: In this regard, alpaca and merino wool are very similar. Merino wool is also durable but requires proper care. To extend the life of your Merino wool gear, use gentle washing cycles and air drying. Where you can spot clean, you likely find it preferable to do so.

The good news is that Merino wool is odor resistant, so you may not need to wash as frequently as you wash most of your clothes.

Conclusion: Alpaca vs. Merino Wool

When comparing alpaca and merino wool, both fibers have their unique advantages. Alpaca wool excels in providing warmth and insulation, making it ideal for colder climates and low-intensity activities.

Merino wool, on the other hand, offers superior moisture-wicking and breathability, making it suitable for a wide range of temperatures and activities. Ultimately, the choice between alpaca and merino wool depends on your specific needs, preferences, and the intended use of the garments or textiles.

We prefer Merino wool because its moisture-wicking and breathable properties make it exceedingly versatile. Its wide availability also makes it a viable performance material for athletic gear.

Common Uses for Alpaca and Merino Wool

You will find different use cases in comparing alpaca vs. Merino wool. Alpaca wool is frequently used as insulation in cold-weather jackets and blankets. You won’t find alpaca wool used as frequently for athletic gear.

Merino wool, on the other hand, excels in athletic performance because it is breathable, moisture-wicking, and odor resistant. As previously mentioned, this is a big reason brands like Smartwool and Allbirds exist.

For instance, Merino wool works great for athletic socks, but alpaca socks would likely be hot and soggy.

If you are comparing garments using alpaca and Merino wool, choose alpaca wool for cold-weather warmth and Merino wool for performance. The good news is that both are natural and sustainable, so they serve as excellent alternatives to synthetic wool.